Sermon Archive

The Mysteries of Spiritual Bodies
(Rutgers Presbyterian Church, April 18, 1999;  3rd Sunday of Easter, Year A)
Luke 24:13-35 (NT, p. 92);
I Corinthians 15:35-44, 50-55 [not lectionary] (NT, pp. 185, 186)

Well, I’ve managed to steer clear of it for more than 3 years now-I’ve managed to steer clear of delivering from the pulpit A straightforward theological exposition Of some major doctrine of the church.

But at last the time seems right to indulge the academic propensity that’s been developed in me thru 30 years of university teaching.

So, on this Third Sunday of Easter, 1999 as we continue to celebrate the resurrection of Christ and as we continue to hear gospel accounts of appearances by the Risen Christ to various disciples- like the account from Luke read this morning by Vera Roberts- the time seems somehow right for me to share with you a classroom presentation that I give on the resurrection, a presentation that includes a careful look at this morning’s 2nd lesson, from Paul’s 1st Letter to the church at Corinth.

There are two reasons the time seems right for me to do this.

First, a recent book on the resurrection is selling like hotcakes-well, at least like “theological” hotcakes, if not exactly at a rate to put it on the New York Times’s list of best-sellers.

Entitled The Meaning of Jesus (HarperSanFrancisco), the book includes a debate about the nature of the resurrection between two New Testament scholars – Marcus Borg, who lectured right here last April, during our bicentennial celebration, and N.T. Wright, of England.

And the second reason the time seems right to me is this.  During a new members’ class four weeks ago, one of the inquirers asked me specifically, “What do Christians believe about the resurrection?  Was it really bodily?”

On the assumption, then, that what’s on the mind of one person is probably on the mind of many people, an assumption seemingly verified by the hefty sales of the aforementioned book, let me share with you for this Eastertide, this Easter season, a brief lecture on Christian views of the resurrection.

Christians’ beliefs about the resurrections fall, I suggest, into three basic categories.

I believe that holders of all three views affirm the truth of the Easter proclamation that Christ is alive—somehow, alive.

And I believe that holders of all three views affirm the truth of 2,000 years of testimony by Christians that Christ continues, to this day, to be experienced as a living reality.

So about what do the holders of these three views disagree?

  1. What is the nature of the living reality we call Christ? And
  2. What degree of continuity and discontinuity exists between the man Jesus and the risen Christ?
  1. The view of maximum continuity:  bodily resurrection.
    1. The traditional, majority view:

Jesus’ very corpse was resuscitated.

    1. This view argues from recognizability of Jesus to his disciples in various gospel account.

John 20:19-29 last week.  Thomas.
Matthew 28:9 on Easter Sunday.  Two Marys.

 

    1. Arguments against this view:

(1)Unrecognizability of Jesus in other gospel accounts:

Today, Luke 24:15-16, Cleopas and companion recognize only in the breaking of bread (vs. 30-31)

John 20:15-16, Easter Vigil.  Mary Magdalene thought Jesus to be a gardener.

(2) Ascension.  Survival of vacuum of space.

 

 

  1. The view of maximum discontinuity: spiritual resurrection.

A.  The Risen Christ was experienced by the disciples inwardly, as a spirit,       not outwardly, as a body.

            A video-camera would not have recorded an image.   Resurrection–an inner, spiritual experience, but nonetheless real
   
         B.     Disciples sought to communicate this inner experience to others by using the metaphor of an outward experience:

The lack of tangible external reality is the reason for the radical diversity among the NT description of resurrection experiences.

    1. Arguments against:

(1)    Element in NT descriptions of externality and tangibility.
John 20:27 Offer to let Thomas touch.
Luke 24:30-31 Jesus eats with Cleopas + other.

(2)  Testimony about the empty tomb.  If only spiritual, wouldn’t      the corpse still be there?

3.      The view that balances continuity/discontinuity:  resurrection not of body, or of spirit, but of a “spiritual body”

A.     This is the view expressed by Paul in I Corinthians 15.

B.     The description in Acts of Paul’s experience of Risen Christ.

C.      Paul seems to believe neither in resuscitation of the corpse nor in a totally inward experience.  Seems to suggest a third category, one also beyond normal powers to describe, and therefore needing explanatory metaphors:  “the mystery of spiritual bodies.”

D.      His explanations of:

(a)    continuity/discontinuity, i.e. transformation: 15:37-38 (p.185) Analogy of grain and stalk.

(b)   Why there’s a need for discontinuity/transformation: 15:39-41 Different “bodies” for different media:  fish, birds, animals; heavenly bodies.  Need t live with God, so need spiritual bodies.

(c)    Qualities of earthly body vs. “spiritual body”:

15:42-44          perishable/imperishable;

                        dishonor/glory;

                        weakness/power.

15:50-55          flesh and blood can’t inherit kingdom of God;  we will all be changed, transformed; the mortal will put on immortality.

Where do I stand? 
With #3, Paul’s understanding of “the mystery of spiritual bodies,” hence today’s sermon title.

But all three viewpoints---body, spirit, and spiritual body- are consistent with the basic good news of the Christian message: that God has overcome evil and death and has offered us the incomparable gift of life beyond death.
I believe with my whole heart the gospel message that Christ is alive, and from that belief I derive great joy and hope for life here and now.

I pray that you , too, may believe in the mystery of the resurrection in one of these ways or another ant that you, too, can join with me in saying and singing, “Christ is alive!”

 Let us pray:

 Oh God, You created life, and in death You offer to create it a new, recreating us as spiritual bodies, as beings able to dwell with You forever.  All praise to You, O Gracious God?  Amen.

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